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- Manuscripts and other texts from collections in the University of Hawaii Archives in Hamilton Library on the Manoa campus
- Items scanned for interlibrary loan
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Recent Submissions
Hawaiʻi Aerial Photos 1950-2000 Index Map
(2025) Lindquist, Mahany; Map Collection, University of Hawaii at Manoa
Isola del Giapone e penisola de Corea
(Domenico Padoani, 1692) Coronelli, Vincenzo, 1650-1718
French Settlement of Chandernagore, Surveyed Season 1870-71, with a portion of the River Hoogly and of the country on its left bank
(Surveyor General of India, 1872) Surveyor General of India
Kankoku chishitsu kōsanzu [General Geological Map of Korea]
(Chishitsu chosajo [Geological Survey of Japan], 1907) Chishitsu chosajo [Geological Survey of Japan]; 地質調查所; Inouye, Kinosuke; 井上禧之助
Andarj-i Aōshnar-i Dānāk
(Bombay : Trustees of the Parsee Panchayet funds and properties, 1930) Dhābhara, Bamanajī Na
Puka Puka Parade 2025 - Volume 80, Number 06
(100th Infantry Battalion Veterans, 2025-06) 100th Infantry Battalion Veterans
Puka Puka Parade 2025 - Volume 80, Number 05
(100th Infantry Battalion Veterans, 2025-05) 100th Infantry Battalion Veterans
Assessment of Indigenous Feed Ingredients on Growth and Feed Utilization Efficiency in Juvenile Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskål, 1775)
(2025) Macusi, Edison D.; Sales, Anthony C.; Jimenez, John Edward M.; Vender, Ethel Kate E.; Bongas, Henzel P.; Macusi, Erna S.; Andam, Michael B.
This study aimed to assess the feasibility of utilizing indigenous feed ingredients for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskål 1775) aquaculture. Nine different feed treatments were tested: taro, golden apple snail, azolla plant, blood meal, cacao pod, banana stem, copra meal, soybean meal, and a control. We used 15 juvenile milkfish (initial weights=6.4-7.4 g; initial lengths=5.3-5.7 cm) cultured in 80 L tanks and replicated three times to assess their growth and feed utilization. After 60 days of culture, copra meal and Azolla attained 23.0 g and 21.8 g, which were higher compared to the other treatments. This was followed by taro (18.9 g), bloodmeal (18.4 g), golden apple snail (18.2 g), control (18.2 g), cacao pod (18.2 g), soybean treatments (17.5 g), and lastly banana stem (16.1 g). Comparison of the initial length and weight of the treatments versus their final values during the 60 days of culture showed differences (length: t=20.0, p=0.0001, df=16; weight: t=16.5, p=0.0001, df=16) but none between the nine treatments (p\>0.05). In terms of average daily weight gain, copra meal gained faster (0.34 g), followed by Azolla (0.24 g), and then the control (0.22 g) and bloodmeal (0.19 g) with banana stem the last (0.15 g). While in terms of feed conversion ratio (FCR), copra meal (1.1), azolla (1.3), taro (1.5) and the control (1.5) had the lowest FCR values; banana stem (1.9) and soybean meal treatments (2.0) had the highest. Fulton's condition factor showed that these four treatments (taro=1; Azolla=1.2; copra meal=1.2; control=1.2) were closest to 1, signifying a healthy condition. The gonadosomatic index (GSI=0.005) and hepatosomatic index (HSI=0.03) values were consistent in the various treatments, showing no adverse effects suffered during the period of culture. The alternative feeds can be used in milkfish aquaculture to reduce the cost of operation.