Book Reviews

Abstract

The hydrogeologic conditions and water supply of Rapa Nui have recently become a matter of concern since the island has become more readily accessible by plane. This has increased resident and tourist populations, which has heightened the demand on the island’s groundwater supply. Another threat to the future of Rapa Nui is pollution of its freshwater resource. Three possible pollution sources are seawater intrusion, the Orito Landfill, and the lack of a septic waste system. Seawater intrusion is a potential threat for Rapa Nui because the aquifer becomes shallower near the coast and groundwater pumping occurs near the coast. The unlined Orito Landfill sits atop a groundwater divide, increasing the potential for chemical compounds to disperse in various directions. The lack of a centralized septic waste system also poses a growing threat from potential seepage into the groundwater supply. Increased understanding of the hydrogeologic conditions and sources of groundwater pollution need to be a priority for the government of Chile and the municipality of Rapa Nui to help sustain the fresh groundwater supply. This research focuses on the groundwater conditions in the southeastern part of the island near the town of Hanga Roa, where most residents live and where groundwater is the sole source of potable water. This report attempts to combine general hydrogeologic knowledge with observed data from various sources in order to create a baseline assessment of the current groundwater situation. Current knowledge of groundwater pumping wells and pollution sources needs to be expanded in order to manage the water supply sustainably for future generations. An investment in a hydrologic monitoring program, compatible with improved waste management, would help lead to a safe, reliable drinking water source for the people of Rapa Nui.