Philippinae Insulae (Second Map of the Philippines)
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Rare early state of Petrus Bertius's second map of the Philippines, published by Jodocus Hondius Jr. The map is notable not only for its early date but also for its unconventional orientation-north is positioned to the left, causing the islands to appear rotated on their side, a feature that has intrigued collectors for centuries.
The map draws heavily upon earlier sources, particularly Petrus Plancius's 1592 map of the Moluccas and Joris van Linschoten's 1595 Exacta & accurata delineatio cum orarum maritimarum, and from Petrus Kaerius (Pieter van den Keere's map of 1598, which holds the distinction of being the first separately printed map devoted exclusively to the Philippine archipelago.
From these, Bertius synthesized a representation that, while imprecise by modern standards, was a significant attempt to delineate the archipelago with the information then available. Luzon, here labeled Lucionia Insula, dominates the left-hand portion of the map, with notable features including Mani/ha (Manila), Pancnasion (Pampanga), and Siday (Zambales coast). The name Philippinae Insulae appears prominently in a decorative strapwork cartouche in the upper left corner, signifying one of the earliest printed uses of the Spanish colonial name in a map title.
Central Visayan islands such as Cebu (Cabu), Negros (Negenes), and Leyte (Acban Tandola) are rendered in a simplified, schematic fashion, with a rudimentary attempt to show their relative positions. Mindanao features place names such as Buruan, Canola, and Ma/aqua Suria (likely a corruption of Malabang or similar localities), and is given a recognizably larger landmass than its northern neighbors. To the south, Borneo (Borneo Ins) appears in partial form, along with smaller islands such as Palawan-erroneously labeled as Calamianes I.-and Solor (Si/or).
The map was first published in 1616 with a Latin title above the map in Bertius' Tabularum geographicarum contractarum libri septem ...
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