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Item Evaluation of major dike-impounded ground-water reservoirs, island of Oahu(U.S. Geological Survey, 1981) Takasaki, Kiyoshi J."Ground-water reservoirs on Oahu store a very large but only approximately estimatable quantity of freshwater. These reservoirs include interconnected water bodies that are impounded by volcanic dikes or other geologic structures, and water bodies that are floating on saline ground water in dike-free Java flows in the flanks of the volcanoes. A significant amount of water is stored above sea level, to an altitude of at least 2,000 feet in the Waianae Range, but most is stored below sea level. The depths of freshwater storage below sea level range from a few feet to 1,000 feet or more in the dike-free lavas, and probably to several thousands of feet in the compartmented lavas between dikes. Other water bodies, smalI in comparison, are perched above and isolated from these interconnected bodies. "This report is primarily concerned with high-head dike-impounded ground-water reservoirs that underlie interior mountainous areas where rainfall and subsequent recharge to ground water are the greatest. These reservoirs, owing to their upgradient positions, play a very important role in the recharge, storage, movement, and discharge of alI ground water on the island."Item Continental Scientific Drilling Program : Department of Navy(Department of Navy, 1985) Department of Navy"To develop a drilling program with the capability to provide the required information on the geothermal resource beneath the Island of Oahu and the applicability of using geothermal fluids to provide power and cooling for the Navy."Item Hawaii hydrothermal market : penetration analysis(Action Resources Inc., 1979-10) Action Resources Inc.Contents: Introduction -- Methodology and Assumptions -- Resource Overview -- Market OverviewItem Potential effects of the Hawaii Geothermal Project on ground-water resources on the island of Hawaii(U.S. Geological Survey, 1994) Sorey, Michael L.; Colvard, Elizabeth M."In 1990, the State of Hawaii proposed the Hawaii Geothermal Project for the development of as much as 500 MW of electric power from the geothermal system in the East Rift Zone of Kilauea Volcano. This report uses data from 31 wells and 8 springs to describe the properties of the ground-water system in and adjacent to the East Rift Zone. Potential effects of this project on ground-water resources are also discussed. Data show differences in ground-water chemistry and heads within the study area that appear to be related to mixing of waters of different origins and ground-water impoundment by volcanic dikes. East of Pahoa, the ground-water system within the rift is highly transmissive and receives abundant recharge from precipitation; therefore, the pumping of freshwater to support geothermal development in that part of the rift zone would have a minimal effect on ground-water levels. To the southwest of Pahoa, dike impoundment reduces the transmissivity of the ground-water system to such an extent that wells might not be capable of supplying sufficient fresh water to support geothermal operations. Contamination of ground-water resources by accidental release of geothermal fluids into shallow aquifers is possible because of corrosive conditions in the geothermal wells, potential well blowouts, and high ground-water velocities in parts of the region. Hydrologic monitoring of water level, temperature, and chemistry in observation wells should continue throughout development of geothermal resources for the Hawaii Geothermal Project for early detection of leakage and migration of geothermal fluids within the groundwater system."Item Puna emergency response : report on the review of Hawaii County emergency operations plan and Puna Geothermal Venture emergency response plan(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 2000-08) United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9"This report summarizes a review of emergency response capabilities for Hawai’i County and Puna Geothermal Venture (PGV). The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) assembled an independent team of experienced individuals (the “Review Team”). EPA tasked them to review emergency response plans and conduct site visits and interviews. This project was a follow-up to the EPA’s 1995 compliance inspection of the PGV facility and a response to community requests. The purpose of the project was to provide an independent evaluation of the emergency response plans, with the long–term objective of preventing chemical accidents and improving emergency response capabilities. The review team conducted site visits in Hawai’i from August 5 through August 9, 1996. During that time, team members received information from state and local agencies, PGV, and the community (composed primarily of area residents). EPA held public meetings at the Pahoa Community Center and the University of Hawai’i, Hilo Campus Center to discuss the review. These meetings offered the review team an opportunity to meet with residents of the Puna area."Item Hawaii Volcanoes National Park and Vicinity : with geothermal wells(U.S. Geological Survey, 1986) U.S. Geological Survey; National Park ServiceScale 1:100,000 ; universal transverse Mercator projection. (W 155⁰45ʹ00ʺ--W 154⁰47ʹ30ʺ/N 19⁰45ʹ00ʺ--N 19⁰07ʹ30ʺ).Item Environmental assessment of an investigation of the hydrothermal system at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii(U.S. Geological Survey, 1973-01) Tilling, Robert I."A test well 3,000 to 5,000 feet in depth is proposed to be drilled 0.7 miles south of Halemaumau crater in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Island of Hawaii. It represents the first attempt to drill above a magma chamber of an active volcano to test the hydrologic and physical environment. Geologic and geophysical test will also be performed in the area. "Item Item Surveys of forest bird populations found in the vicinity of proposed geothermal project subzones in the district of Puna, Hawaii(U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Hawaii National Park, HI (United States), Hawaii Research Station, 1994-10) Jacobi, James D.; Reynolds, Michelle; Ritchotte, George.; Nielsen, Bonnie; Viggiano, Anthony; Dwyer, Jill"This report presents data on the distribution and status of forest bird species found within the vicinity of proposed geothermal resource development on the Island of Hawaii. Potential impacts of the proposed development on the native bird populations found in the project are are addressed."Item Summary of the biological information collected during the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Hawaii Forest Bird Survey in the Puna study area on the island of Hawaii(U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1985-05) Jacobi, James D."This report summarizes the data collected during the RS. Fish and Wildlife Service's Hawai'i Forest Bird Survey (HFBS) in the Puna District on the island of Hawai'i, focusing on the lands owned by the James Campbell Estate and the State of Hawai'i in the Puna Forest Reserve and Wao Kele 'O Puna State Natural Area Reserve. The primary objective of the HFBS was to determine the current distribution, abundance, and status of the endangered native forest birds and their habitats on all of the major Hawaiian islands. Detailed information was also collected on the distribution of other native and non-native forest bird species, native plant species, and on introduced species of both plants and animals. Field work was conducted in the Puna area during the summer of 1979."Item Investigation of geothermal potential in the Waianae caldera area, Western Oahu, Hawaii(U.S. Geological Survey, 1979-09) Cox, Malcolm E.; Sinton, John M.; Thomas, Donald M.; Mattice, Mark D.; Kauahikaua, James P.; Helstern, Donald M.; Fan, Pow-Foong"Studies of Lualualei Valley, Oahu have been conducted to determine whether a thermal anomaly exists in the area and, if so, to identify sites at which subsurface techniques should be utilized to characterize the resource. Geologic mapping identifies several caldera and rift zone structures in the Valley and provides a tentative outline of their boundaries. Clay mineralogy studies indicate that minor geothermal alteration of near-surface rocks has occurred at some period in the history of the area. Schlumberger resistivity soundings indicate the presence of a low resistivity layer beneath the valley floor, which has been tentatively attributed to warm water-saturated basalt. Soil and groundwater chemistry studies outline several geochemical anomalies around the perimeter and within the inferred caldera boundaries. The observed anomalies strongly suggest a subsurface heat source. Recommendations for further exploratory work to confirm the presence of a geothermal reservoir include more intensive ·surveys in a few selected areas of the valley as well as the drilling of at least three shallow (1000-m) holes for subsurface geochemical, geological and geophysical studies."Item Composition of waters from the research drill hole at summit of Kilauea Volcano and of selected thermal and non-thermal groundwaters, Hawaii(U.S. Geological Survey, 1991) Tilling, Robert I.; Jones, Blair F."This report presents analytical data--chemical and isotopic (BOI8 and BD)--and other information on water samples collected during the period 1973-1976 from a 1262m (4137-ft) deep research borehole at the summit of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii. To facilitate comparison of the summit-borehole data, analytical data on selected water samples from the State of Hawaii (mostly from the Island of Hawaii) are also presented."Item Assessment of geothermal development impact on aboriginal Hawaiians(Puna Hui Ohana, 1982) Hauanio, Peter K.; Kinney, Everett; Johnson, Jerry"Prepared for United States Department of Energy."Item Interim report on geochemical results of production test of HGP-A(Hawaii Institute of Geophysics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1980-05) Thomas, Donald M."The primary objectives of the chemistry group efforts during the two-week test of the HGP-A well were as follows: 1) determine the quantities and concentrations of the major chemical constituents in the geothermal fluids produced; 2) test out and refine sampling and analytical procedures for the well fluids as these procedures have been modified for HGP-A; 3) identify and quantify potential environmental pollutants produced by HGP-A; 4) attempt, on the basis of the gas and water chemistry data obtained, to identify potential reservoir or plant engineering problems which might arise in the future due to present or anticipated production characteristics of HGP-A."Item Property rights to geothermal resources in Hawaii([s.n.], 1979-12) Kamins, Robert M."A sharp discontinuity in the administration of Hawaii's unique land laws has created uncertainty as to the ownership of geothermal resources in the state. Until Hawaii was annexed to the United States and governed under the Organic Act of 1900, mineral rights had with rare exception been reserved to the government, even though the statutory requirement for making the reservation had been repealed in 1859. Beginning in 1900 and through 1955, the practice was reversed and lands were patented without mineral reservations -- even some lands which had originally been granted subject to a reservation. Further, the Land Court created by the Territory issued certificates of titles to lands registered under the Torrens system, omitting mineral reservations made at the time of original conveyance by the government. It is unclear whether reservations are to be implied in some or all of the titles issued without express reservation clauses. The uncertainty is compounded by contradictory arguments which can be readily made as to whether mineral reservations in Hawaii encompassed geothermal resources in grants made prior to a 1974 statute which states that they do. The Hawaii Supreme Court has recently shown a receptivity to social policy arguments, while in parallel cases regarding ownership of natural resources, the federal District Court in Hawaii has been the more protective of private property rights under the 14th amendment."Item Environmental assessment : Hydrothermal Geothermal Subprogram(U.S. Department of Energy, 1979-06) U.S. Department of Energy"This environmental impact assessment addresses the design, construction, and operation of an electric generating plant (3 to 4 MWe) and research station (Hawaii Geothermal Research Station (HGRS)) in the Puna district on the Island of Hawaii. The facility will include control and support buildings, parking lots, cooling towers, settling and seepage ponds, the generating plant, and a visitors center. Research activities at the facility will evaluate the ability of a successfully flow-tested well (42-day flow test) to provide steam for power generation over an extended period of time (two years). In future expansion, research activities may include direct heat applications such as aquaculture and the effects of geothermal fluids on various plant components and specially designed equipment on test modules. Construction-related impacts would be relatively minor. Construction of the facility will require the distance of about 1.7 ha (4.1 acres). No further disturbance is anticipated, unless it becomes necessary to replace the seepage pond with an injection well, because the production well is in service and adjacent roads and transmission lines are adequate. Disruption of competing land uses will be minimal, and loss of wildlife habitat will be acceptable. Noise should not significantly affect wildlife and local residents; the most noise activities (well drilling and flow testing) have been completed. Water use during construction will not be large, and impacts on competing uses are unlikely. Socio-economic impacts will be small because the project will not employ a large number of local residents and few construction workers will need to find local housing."Item Preliminary report on the resistivity measurements on the islands of Oahu and Hawaii, Hawaii(U.S. Geological Survey, 1966-03) Zohdy, Adel A.R.During the months of December, 1965 and January, 1966, a feasibility study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Department of Land and Natural Resources of the State of Hawaii and the Institute of Geophysics in Hawaii. The purpose of the investigation was to determine the usefulness of the resistivity method in augmenting the solution of hydrogeological problems on the islands of Hawaii. Electrical measurements were carried out on the northern part of the island of Oahu near Waialua, as well as on the island of Hawaii near Pohakulua and Humuula. The electrical measurements consisted of intermediate and deep soundings using the Schlumberger as well as the equatorial configurations. In the following the basic fundamentals of the method will be briefly outlined then the results of the investigation will be presented and analyzed.Item Geothermal resource mining leases in South Pahoa(U.S. Geological Survey, 1981) U.S. Geological SurveyItem Geothermal resource subzone : island of Maui(U.S. Geological Survey, 1983) U.S. Geological SurveyItem Vegetation map of the Puna study area -- wet habitat(U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1905-06-09) Jacobi, James D.