A. Research Papers (Peer-Reviewed)
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Item The Compatibility between Expressive Elements: Kinship Terms, Pronouns, and Racial Slurs in Vietnamese(2019-12-04) Huynh, Juliet; Yoon, SuwonThe present study investigates the Compatibility Condition (CC) for multiple expressive elements in Vietnamese. We identify Vietnamese kinship terms, pronouns, and racial slurs as expressives, i.e. conventional implicature (Potts 2005), where different expressive items interact. We find that there are co-occurrences of expressives with different attitudes (e.g. weak/strong negative) and with expressive elements that have honorific and antihonorific properties. Under controlled occurrences, we examine what CC is and how it is measured. We propose the CC model and the CC index for occurrences of Vietnamese emotive-expressives and honorific-expressives. Furthermore, the CC may be intentionally flouted as a repair strategy. Finally, we show that emotion and honorific dimensions operate interdependently or autonomously and provide support for autonomy. The implication found is that interaction exists among various Vietnamese expressives, necessitating the compatibility constraint, while supporting multidimensionality (Potts 2005 et seq.), with at least two expressive dimensions.Item Variation in the Voiced Coronals of Two Fataluku-speaking Villages(2019-09-12) Heston, Tyler M.Several studies comment on regional variation in Fataluku, but no detailed study of phonetic variation has yet been published. This paper reports on the distribution of [z], [j], and other voiced coronals in phonetically-controlled speech from fourteen Fataluku speakers—seven from the village of Tutuala and seven from the village of Lospalos. In Tutuala, I find complementary distribution between voiced coronal obstruents and glides, while in Lospalos, the relationship between obstruents and glides is chaotic and speaker-dependent. This difference in homogeneity parallels the make-up of these villages, as Lospalos draws a diverse array of workers from across the Fataluku-speaking area, while Tutuala is relatively remote and has a much smaller draw.Item The Vietnamese Polyfunctional Marker Mà as a Generalized Linker: A Multilevel Approach(2019-09-12) Do-Hurinville, Danh Thành; Dao, Huy LinhThe main aim of this paper is to illustrate the notions of polyfunctionality and transcategoriality as described in Robert (2003, 2004) through the case study of the marker mà in modern Vietnamese. We lay out a multilevel analysis to account for its flexible categorial status. It will be proposed that mà is best treated as a Generalized Linker whose basic function consists in connecting two constituents of different types. We show that the transcategorial behavior of this morpheme results from its ability to operate on different levels: phrase level (relativizer, verbal conjunction), clause level (correlative conjunction), and sentence level (attitudinal sentence-final particle, discourse connector). In our account, the uses of mà at the sentence level and the weakening of its core function are the byproduct of some form of ellipsis targeting one of the two constituents connected by mà.Item The Munda Maritime Hypothesis(2019-09-12) Rau, Felix; Sidwell, PaulOn the basis of historical linguistic and language geographic evidence, the authors advance the novel hypothesis that the Munda languages originated on the east coast of India after their Austroasiatic precursor arrived via a maritime route from Southeast Asia, 3,500 to 4,000 years ago. Based on the linguistic evidence, we argue that pre-Proto-Munda arose in Mainland Southeast Asia after the spread of rice agriculture in the late Neolithic period, sometime after 4,500 years ago. A small Austroasiatic population then brought pre-Proto-Munda by means of a maritime route across the Bay of Bengal to the Mahanadi Delta region – an important hub location for maritime trade in historic and pre-historic times. The interaction with a local South Asian population gave rise to proto-Munda and the Munda branch of Austroasiatic. The Maritime Hypothesis accounts for the linguistic evidence better than other scenarios such as an Indian origin of Austroasiatic or a migration from Southeast Asia through the Brahmaputra basin. The available evidence from archaeology and genetics further supports the hypothesis of a small founder population of Austroasiatic speakers arriving in Odisha from Southeast Asia before the Aryan conquest in the Iron-Age.Item Numeral Classifiers in Tai Lue (Xishuangbanna)(2019-09-27) Phillips, Audra; Hanna, William J.The Tai Lue language has a complex numeral classifier system in common with other Southeast Asian languages. Using data from a 344,000-word corpus of Tai Lue texts, this paper catalogues Tai Lue numeral classifiers and the constructions in which they occur. Like Standard Thai and Lao, the general inanimate classifier an⁴ and the animal classifier too¹ can substitute for specific classifiers, including classifiers for humans, when they host a demonstrative, adjective, or relative clause. Moreover, the human classifier, pʰuu³, occurs almost exclusively in these descriptive constructions.