A. Research Papers (Peer-Reviewed)
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ItemDifferences in Language Used by Deceivers and Truth-Tellers in Thai Online Chat( 2017-12-01)Deception detection, especially in online communication, is a burgeoning area of research, but most previous studies have focused on English. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the applicability of English deceptive features to Thai and also examine whether there are any Thai-specific features not found in English which are associated with Thai deception in online communication. 96 Thai-language chat dialogues were analyzed with results suggesting that features identified in English deception research cannot be transferred to Thai. Two Thai-specific indicators of deception were also identified. The results have implications for theories of deception detection and for the transfer of research findings between languages.
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ItemOn the r>h Shift in Kiên Giang Khmer( 2017-12-01)This paper presents an acoustic and perceptual study of the r>h shift in the variety of Khmer spoken in Giồng Riềng district, Kiên Giang province, Vietnam. In Phnom Penh Khmer, /r/ is realized as [h] in syllable onsets and onset clusters, and accompanied by lowered pitch, breathiness, and in some cases a change in the quality of the following vowel. In Kiên Giang Khmer, the r>h shift is accompanied by pitch lowering, but without changes in aspiration or vowel quality, and spectral measures did not indicate substantial differences in voice quality. Consistent with their productions, users of this dialect appear to rely solely on differences pitch to identify these lexical items. We discuss the implications of our findings for Khmer dialectology, mechanisms of sound change, and variation in the realization of rhotics more generally.
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ItemA Phonological Reanalysis of Eastern Lawa( 2017-12-01)Phonological descriptions of Western and Eastern Lawa, two related but mutually unintelligible languages (Nahhas, 2006), differ greatly. Western Lawa is relatively well described (c.f. Mitani, 1972, Schlatter, 1976, Ratanakul and Daoratanahongse, 1985). For Eastern Lawa, three partially conflicting phonological descriptions exist, with consonantal inventories ranging from 19 (Mitani, 1978) to 30 (Lipsius, n.d.) to 33 consonants (Blok, 2013). The vowel systems vary, from 9 (Mitani, 1978) to 24 (Blok, 2013) to 26 vowels (Lipsius, n.d.). In order to investigate the discrepancies between previous phonological descriptions, this study offers a phonological reanalysis of Eastern Lawa vowels and consonants based on recordings from nine Eastern Lawa speakers in Bo Luang and Kiu Lom, Thailand. A comparison with previous research on Eastern Lawa phonology suggests that the different results provided in earlier descriptions are partially caused by differing interpretations and partially due to undocumented phonological processes, which will be presented in this paper. Both synchronic and diachronic issues are considered.
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ItemChanges in Tai Dam Vowels( 2017-12-01)This paper aims to study changes in vowels in the Tai Dam language in three countries, namely, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam. The vowel changes include regular sound changes and vowel replacements which have occurred because of language contact with majority languages. Some original vowels in Tai Dam in Thailand and Tai Dam in Lao have developed traits of vowels in Thai and Lao respectively, but only among a small group of young generation speakers. It is, therefore, predicted that the typical features of Tai Dam vowels such as the shortening of the long vowels *iː, *ɛː, *ɯː, *uː, *ɔː before *-k will be preserved. The vowel system of Vietnamese Tai Dam is the most conservative. Nevertheless, Vietnamese Tai Dam has been recently influenced by the Lao language because speakers of the Vietnamese Tai Dam language have been in contact with the Lao speech community more than in the past. Consequently, it is expected that phonological borrowing from Lao to Vietnamese Tai Dam will increase.
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ItemQuality of Javanese and Sundanese Vowels( 2017-12-01)The vowel quality of Javanese and Sundanese is influenced by phonation types. The acoustic measurements of the differences in phonation between all Javanese and Sundanese vowels have not been instrumentally examined. Evidence suggests that F1 lowering is a common characteristic of vowel quality correlated with the phonation after the slack-voiced stop /b/. The current study seeks to extend the possible variation in the realization of phonation by Javanese vowels /i/, /e/, /a/, /ə/, /u/ and /o/ and Sundanese vowels /i/, /a/, /ə/, /ɨ/, /e/, /u/ and /o/ after the slack-voiced /b/ and the voiceless glottal /h/. In this experiment, the authors recorded the vowel production of four Javanese and four Sundanese native speakers and measured the formant frequencies (F1 and F2). The results confirm that Javanese and Sundanese vowels are constantly pronounced with lower F1 after /b/. In addition, the Javanese speakers articulate the vowel /ɘ/ rather than schwa /ə/ in the slack-voiced /b/ and voiceless glottal stop /h/, in which the vowel occupies the high-mid central position of the vowel space area. The Sundanese speakers in this study surprisingly produce the expected high vowel /ɨ/ in the high near-front of the vowel space; it is suggested to transcribe this as /ʏ/. The results of the formant frequencies of the Javanese and Sundanese vowels are consistent with the study by Hayward (1993) indicating F1 lowering after the slack-voiced /b/.